The student is able to analyze the components of business profitability and understands how revenues and costs influence decision-making. The student masters the principles of contribution margin accounting, can calculate the break-even point and the margin of safety, and understands their significance in a company’s pricing strategy. In addition, the student learns to prepare simple income and cash flow budgets and to assess the financial sustainability of a business from the perspectives of profitability, solvency, and working capital turnover. They can also determine product-specific costs, apply various cost accounting methods—such as calculation of production cost and full cost—and understand the basic principles of incremental costing. The student gains a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental prerequisites for profitable business operations, including the interrelationship between financing, profitability, and solvency.